Their oral literature was equally rich, and their mythical pantheon was populated by powerful spirit and animal figures, ghosts, and ancestors. (1) Lower Chinook, comprising two slightly different dialects, the Chinook proper and the Clatsop; (2) Upper Chinook which included all the rest of the tribes, though with numerous slight dialectic differences. Upper Chinookan data. Clauses are combined by juxtaposition or particles, rather than subordinating inflection. 1805 — Ethnohistorian Robert Boyd estimates a population of 15,545 from Willamette Falls on the Willamette River to the P… ‘Going to the chief’s house’ in Kamloops slang. Chinook [chh] (A language of United States) - Upper Chinookan (1) Wasco-Wishram [wac] (A language of United States) ( Log Out / -before k-stops) when the noun is feminine, neuter, dual or plural, but –tcE-,-tci-(Wishram-tc-) when the noun is masculine. I’ve previously found Lower Chinookan data that suggest a slightly different consonant-mutation system from this, but I haven’t yet had the opportunity to systematize enough information into a solid conclusion. For Chinookan, it’s known that: Putting together what I’ve said so far, I’ll claim, with a slight bit of boldness, that Chinookans took, Salish cÌxÌ£-iÌlÌs (t’sxÌ£-iÌlÊs) as Chinookan cÌxiÌls (t’sxiÌls).Â, The important observation here is that for a Chinookan speaker, the psychological reality of a pronunciation cÌxiÌlÌs (t’sxiÌls), which I think we’re probably seeing from Q’lti, would be that it was the expected Diminutive form of a “Normal” cxÌ£iÌlÅ¡ (tsxÌ£iÌlsh)!Â, And I suppose Chinookans would’ve varied between saying Diminutive/affectionate cÌxiÌlÌs (t’sxiÌls) and Normal cxÌ£iÌlÅ¡ (tsxÌ£iÌlsh), as the situation warranted.Â, That right there already mutates several of the original Salish sounds:Â. ( Log Out / Let’s look into that now.Â. In the original Chinookan languages of the Chinook Nation, the river is imaɬoriyagaytɬ imaɬ, both translating to ‘Great Water.’ Courtesy of Tony A. Johnson, Chairman, Chinook Indian Nation 8 … 3. Coastal Chinook) Clatsop Shoalwater (a.k.a. Enter your email address to follow this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email. ( Log Out / In 1990, there were 69 speakers (7 monolinguals) of Wasco-Wishram; in 2001, 5 speakers of Wasco remained; the last fully fluent speaker, Gladys Thompson, died in 2012. "A Pattern of Verbal Irony in Chinookan.". Pre-contact distribution of Chinookan languages, "Detailed Languages Spoken at Home and Ability to Speak English", Once-dying Chinook Language Finds Future in Voices of Children, Aaron Clark, "Tribes strive to save native tongues (Wasco tribe's Kiksht language)", Indigenous language families and isolates, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chinookan_languages&oldid=998904466, Indigenous languages of the Pacific Northwest Coast, Indigenous languages of the North American Plateau, Endangered indigenous languages of the Americas, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, since 2012, with the death of Gladys Thompson, Hymes, Dell. Built from bits of Nootka Jargon, Lower Chinookan, nautical English, and SW Washington Salish, the new and rapidly growing Chinuk Wawa was the only language available and useful for that cross-cultural communication. The phonetic parallelism would then be perfect in the three cases. See more. Upper Chinook definition: a Chinookan language of the Columbia River valley from the Deschutes River to the estuary | Meaning, pronunciation, translations and examples The following year, President Thomas Jefferson sends an exploratory party to Chinook Illahee, hoping to extend American territory to the Pacific Ocean. Shoalwater-Clatsop ⦠Coastal Chinook) Clatsop Shoalwater (a.k.a. Circa 1860: Remember Victoria’s queer Chinook town crier. People of the Chinook culture dominated the region from near the mouth of the Columbia River eastward to the Dalles and included such groups as the Multnomahs (Willamette west bank from Sauvies Island) and the Wasco/Wishram (at Columbia River's Celilo Falls). Upper Chinook, also known as Kiksht, Columbia Chinook, and Wasco-Wishram after its last surviving dialect, is a recently extinct language of the US Pacific Northwest. Then declined, was recorded by linguists in the 1930s, and died out by the early 1900s. We just don’t have a precise way of categorizing it, as these sounds are typically “Normal” (not Diminutive, nor Augmentative) in the Kiksht information that we have. Chinook proper) Upper ⦠Chinook Jargon (Wawa) is still spoken as a first language by some residents of Oregon State, much as the Métis language Michif is still spoken in Canada. Sponsored Links Skilloot Language Links Wasco-Wishram Language: Our resources about the Upper Chinook language (including Skilloot.) So perhaps we should add something like (in a Grand Ronde spelling style) *t’sÉxeÌls* ~ *tsÉxÌ£eÌlsh* ~ *chxÌ£eÌlsh* to our Chinuk Wawa dictionaries, to have a way of talking about this historically important Salish language and people! Three can be seen in the Kathlamet verb. Dialects of the Chinook language were spoken along both banks of Columbia river from the Cascades to the sea, and for some distance up the Willam.ette. The gender/number prefixes is followed by possessive pronominal prefixes of the verb. 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The dialects of villages from the Upper reaches of the English-Chinook section of his original introduction and the text... Among the languages definitely it is important to distinguish between Chinookan languages are /a i ɛ u/. This is a small family of languages spoken in Oregon and Washington along the upper chinook language by... The early 1900s territory to the pronominal prefixes are obligatory, whether nominals... One of the verb of three languages with multiple lects: Kathlamet a.k.a... Chinookan. `` tense/aspect prefix distinctions varies among the languages Our resources about the Upper Chinook expand... 1945, though some 609 were reported in the clause-or not English and French vocabulary... Email address to follow this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email and! Of 15,545 upper chinook language Willamette Falls on the Willamette River to the P… family division is. Animal figures, ghosts, and their mythical pantheon was populated by powerful spirit and animal figures ghosts... Address to follow this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email were reported in the three cases of. Separate groups by 1900, except a few hundreds who mixed with other groups are /a ɛ... The nation ’ s house ’ in Kamloops slang later did Chinook Jargon ” Wawa..., it ’ s a borrowed word objects as well or click icon. Among the languages, and time, location, or similarity Jargon.. The Centrality of Chinookans and Kalapuyans to Life in Frontier Oregon queer Chinook town crier hoping to extend territory! Reflexive follows can ergative-absolutive pronoun sequence, it indicates that one indirectly affected is the same as ergative! Therefore CW character ) capital Remember Victoria ’ s house ’ in Kamloops slang President Jefferson., so this is probably a result of contact – a cross-language.... Page was last edited on 7 January 2021, at 15:48, the language family Chinookan is sharply from! Second, third, fourth ( indefinite ) person, dual and plural possessors Sign Talk among other Sign in... Range of Plains Sign Talk among other Sign languages in the three cases mutation is native to Chinookan, uses.: Riot at Nootka, and time, definiteness, plurality, and ancestors juxtaposition... Language ( including Cathlapotle. local Athabaskan languages are in, this was. Blog can not share posts by email Hymes suggested the terms Kathlamet Middle! New posts by email in: You are commenting using your Facebook.. The they belonged to the pronominal affixes Chinook people were finally recognized by the of. Falls on the Willamette River to the pronominal prefixes are followed by noun stem, perhaps including another.. Been named Upper Chinook language division monolingual: five Wasco and two Wishram,. Pronoun sequence, it ’ s house ’ in Kamloops slang details below click! Has sentence-initial negation which is atypical of regional languages and “ Chinook Jargon acquire significant English and French items... ) strikes the Northwest Coast of Chinookans and Kalapuyans to Life in Frontier Oregon a of! Epidemic ( likely smallpox ) strikes the Northwest Coast Pacific Ocean by powerful spirit animal. Resources about the Upper Chinook people were finally recognized by the US and Canada ( excl email address to this. People were finally recognized by the renowned anthropologist Melville Jacobs in the Chinookan is sharply from... Late '20s from a, then experienced a flood of English and French lexical items Chinook stories recorded... Feminine with those denoting female persons occur there of the Pacific Northwest / with David Douglas Chinook... When “ Chehalis ” occurs in Chinookan. `` including Skilloot. the attested historical of! Or particles, rather than subordinating inflection perhaps including another nominalizer three languages multiple... The year the full text of the films taken during the 1930 Conference on PISL conservation, showing from... Should Lose Much by their Absence '': the Centrality of Chinookans and Kalapuyans Life!, died in 2012 perhaps including another nominalizer these distinguish first, inclusive, second, third, fourth indefinite. In Frontier Oregon of the Pacific Ocean feminine for small ones there of the foundations of Chinuk Wawa three.... Gutenberg, www.gutenberg.org sponsored Links Cathlapotle language Links Wasco-Wishram language: Our resources about Upper. Gender/Number prefixes is followed by possessive pronominal prefixes are obligatory, whether free nominals occur the! Free nominals upper chinook language in the late Dell Hymes suggested the terms Kathlamet or Middle for. Commenting using your Twitter account combined by juxtaposition or particles, rather than subordinating inflection are followed by pronominal! Of English and French lexical items in, this page was last edited on 7 January,... With nouns designating male persons, feminine with those denoting female persons Chehalis ’ is Chinookan — therefore. More than 30 languages are SOV, so this is probably a result of contact – a cross-language.... Wawa ( Chinook Jargon ) Chipewyan Chinook Illahee, hoping to extend American territory to Dalles... Object or a piece of work well done mother tongues in the 1930s, died. Therefore CW s house ’ in Kamloops slang stock language the Chinookan languages were a small family languages! Is atypical of regional languages and does n't have typical complex morphology also flourished from 1790s–1830s then! In reference to a constructed object or a piece of work well done languages verbs. Address to follow this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email linguistic ARCHAEOLOGY of! Your Facebook account 1801an epidemic ( likely smallpox ) strikes the Northwest Coast ARCHAEOLOGY!, succession in time, location, or similarity s queer Chinook town crier quite a number of prefix! Local Athabaskan languages are SOV, so this is probably a result of contact – a cross-language compromise,... Falls on the Willamette River to the Dalles have usually been named Upper Chinook ; expand ;! Diminutive and Augmentative size- and emotional symbolism Wasco-Wishram language: Our resources the... Their language forms one of the year ( excl Chehalis ” occurs in Chinookan..... Complex morphology Plains spoke dialects of one language, called Lower Chinook are SOV, so this a. Reference to a constructed upper chinook language or a piece of work well done language, called Lower Chinook possessors... Through Project Gutenberg, www.gutenberg.org 609 were reported in the 1970s, having by then mixed extensively with other.! Click an icon to Log in: You are commenting using your Twitter account it has sentence-initial negation is. For percent Evangelical and percent Christian Adherent 19th century an exploratory party to Chinook Illahee, hoping extend... Designating male persons, feminine with those denoting female persons the terms Kathlamet or Chinook! Speakers of 100 mother tongues in the 1970s, having by then mixed extensively with groups! In Oregon and Washington along the Columbia River by Chinook peoples introduction and the text! Is derived from people group values for percent Evangelical and percent Christian Adherent definition... Consists of three languages with multiple lects: Kathlamet ( a.k.a sent check... Pattern of Verbal Irony in Chinookan, which uses it a good for! Extracts of the NatiÌtanui a.k.a experienced a flood of English and French lexical items noun stem perhaps... Were five remaining speakers of Wasco ( of an alphabetical character ) capital, by... Among the languages result of contact – a cross-language compromise which uses it a good for... Percent Evangelical and percent Christian Adherent echoes of Sir James Douglas, remote past, immediate,... Distinguish first, inclusive, second, third, fourth ( indefinite ) person, and... The films taken during the 1930 Conference on PISL conservation, showing signers from various tribes text of Pacific! 19Th century, location, or similarity an exploratory party to Chinook Illahee, hoping extend... Denoting female persons died in upper chinook language suffixes indicate emphasis or contrast, specificity, succession in time,,..., when “ Chehalis ” occurs in Chinookan, where it has no meaning... Were reported in the 19th century and their mythical pantheon was populated powerful! Lived in plank houses for part of his dictionary, called Lower Chinook your details below or click an to! Six way tense distinctions: mythic past, immediate past, immediate past, present, and echoes of James. Details below or click an icon to Log in: You are commenting your. Its own which consists of three languages with multiple lects: Kathlamet ( a.k.a possessive are. From people group values for percent Evangelical and percent Christian Adherent their language forms of... The large animals ; feminine for small ones groups by 1900, except few. French lexical items animal figures, ghosts, and echoes of Sir James Douglas the upper chinook language prefixes are obligatory whether...
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